Monthly CPS data are not currently being released amidst the U.S. federal government shut down. Once the September 2025 monthly data are available, we will process and release them as quickly as possible via IPUMS.
VOTEHOW
Method of voting in the most recent November election
- Codes
- Description
- Comparability
- Universe
- Availability
- Flags
- Questionnaire Text
- UnHarmonized Variables
Codes and Frequencies
Description
VOTEHOW reports whether the person voted in person or by mail (by absentee ballot).
This variable is part of the Voter Supplement.
Universe
- Citizen age 18+ who responded they voted in the most recent November election
Availability
| Years | Jan | Feb | ASEC | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 1998 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2002 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2004 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2008 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2010 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2012 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2014 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2016 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2018 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2020 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
| 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | X | - |
