- Codes
- Description
- Comparability
- Universe
- Availability
- Flags
- Questionnaire Text
- UnHarmonized Variables
Codes and Frequencies
An 'X' indicates the category is available for that sample
| Code | Label |
Feb
25 |
Jan
25 |
Dec
24 |
Nov
24 |
Oct
24 |
Sep
24 |
Aug
24 |
Jul
24 |
Jun
24 |
May
24 |
Apr
24 |
ASEC
24 |
Mar
24 |
Feb
24 |
Jan
24 |
Dec
23 |
Nov
23 |
Oct
23 |
Sep
23 |
Aug
23 |
Jul
23 |
Jun
23 |
May
23 |
Apr
23 |
ASEC
23 |
Mar
23 |
Feb
23 |
Jan
23 |
Dec
22 |
Nov
22 |
Oct
22 |
Sep
22 |
Aug
22 |
Jul
22 |
Jun
22 |
May
22 |
Apr
22 |
ASEC
22 |
Mar
22 |
Feb
22 |
Jan
22 |
Dec
21 |
Nov
21 |
Oct
21 |
Sep
21 |
Aug
21 |
Jul
21 |
Jun
21 |
May
21 |
Apr
21 |
Code | Label |
ASEC
21 |
Mar
21 |
Feb
21 |
Jan
21 |
ASEC
20 |
ASEC
19 |
ASEC
18 |
ASEC
17 |
ASEC
16 |
ASEC
15 |
ASEC
14 |
ASEC
13 |
ASEC
12 |
ASEC
11 |
ASEC
10 |
ASEC
09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Born in U.S | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 1 | Born in U.S | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 2 | Born in U.S. outlying | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 2 | Born in U.S. outlying | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 3 | Born abroad of American parents | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 3 | Born abroad of American parents | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 4 | Naturalized citizen | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 4 | Naturalized citizen | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 5 | Not a citizen | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 5 | Not a citizen | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 9 | NIU | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | 9 | NIU | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · | · |
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Description
CITIZEN reports the citizenship status of foreign-born persons. In IPUMS-CPS, people born in the U.S., Puerto Rico, or U.S. outlying areas were excluded from the question universe. Respondents were identified as belonging to one of three groups: citizens by virtue of being born abroad to American parents; naturalized citizens; and non-citizens.
Comparability
This variable is completely comparable across years.
Comparability with IPUMS-USA
The CITIZEN variable in IPUMS-CPS is completely comparable to the CITIZEN variable in the 1990-2000 censuses and the ACS in IPUMS-USA. In those samples, persons born in outlying territories were coded as NIU (not in universe because not foreign born) in IPUMS-USA, just as was done in IPUMS-CPS. There are subtle differences in the universe and codes for IPUMS-CPS and IPUMS-USA in earlier years.
Universe
- All respondents.
Availability
| Years | Jan | Feb | ASEC | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 – 2024 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| 2025 | X | X | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Flags
This variable has no flags.Unharmonized Variables
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